A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF ARISTOTLE’S CONCEPTION OF CAUSALITY

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ABSTRACT:

This research critically evaluates Aristotle’s conception of causality, emphasizing its relevance and applicability in contemporary metaphysical discourse. Aristotle’s framework, which includes four types of causes—material, formal, efficient, and final—offers a holistic approach to understanding the dynamics of cause and effect. Unlike earlier Ionian philosophers, Aristotle connected causality with purpose and essence, proposing that all four causes are necessary to explain both natural and man-made phenomena. The study also juxtaposes Aristotle’s theory with African metaphysical interpretations, where causality is often interwoven with spiritual and natural dimensions. This comparative approach underscores the universal quest for understanding why events occur and the interconnectedness of physical and metaphysical realms. By adopting an analytical methodology, this study examines the foundational principles of causality as articulated by Aristotle and critiques counterarguments presented by philosophers like David Hume. The research explores critical questions, including the necessity of a “first mover” and whether the material or immaterial can independently act as a cause. This study contributes to the ongoing philosophical dialogue by asserting the relevance of Aristotle’s causality in explaining reality’s complexities. It concludes that Aristotle’s comprehensive causal framework remains a cornerstone for understanding causality across diverse cultural and intellectual paradigms.

Research Keywords

Aristotle, causality, four causes, metaphysics, material cause, efficient cause, formal cause, final cause, African metaphysics, David Hume, first mover, ontology, metaphysical determinism

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Certification                                                                      

Dedication                                                                                                

Acknowledgement                                                                                

Table of Contents                                                                                                               

Abstract

                                                                                                                                                             

CHAPTER ONE

(GENERAL INTRODUCTION)

 Background of the Study                                                                               

 Statement of the Problem         

 Methodology                                                  

 Scope of the Study                                                                           

 Purpose of the Study                                                   

 Significance of the Study                                                            

 Literature Review                                                                                          

Notes and References 

                                                                                 

CHAPTER TWO:  

THE GENERAL PHILOSOPHY OF ARISTOTLE

Background of Aristotle                               

 His Theory of Logic                                                                        

 His Theory of Knowledge                                                                           

 His Theory of Metaphysics                                         

 His Theory of Ethics                                       

 His Theory of Politics                                                                    

 Notes and References   

                                                               

CHAPTER THREE:             

AN ANALYSIS OF ARISTOTLE’S CONCEPTION OF CAUSALITY.

 The Meaning of Causality                                                           

 Aristotle’s Metaphysics as a Foundation                                              

 Aristotle’s Conception of Causality                                         

 Formal Cause                                                                   

 Material Cause                                                                                

 Efficient Cause                                                                

 Final Cause                                                                                                       

Notes and References   

                                                               

CHAPTER FOUR:

EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION 

Summary of the Main Points                                     

Some Merits of Aristotle’s Theory                                           

Some Demerits of Aristotle’s Theory                     

Causality in a Post Aristotle’s Era                                              

Notes and References                                                  

Conclusion                                                                                         

Bibliography

                                                                     

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